Miscellaneous Articles

Kant raises a powerful objection to any theory that claims to grasp knowledge of God. He claims that in terms of knowledge there can be no jump from the physical to the metaphysical. Kant distinguishes between noumanal and phenomenal objects. The nou...

Kant raises a powerful objection to any theory tha...

The version of the argument from design is best known in contemporary philosophy as presented by William Paley (1805) in his Natural Theology. He presents us with an analogy of a watch. Suppose that while walking in a deserted remote location one com...

The version of the argument from design is best kn...

Cosmological Arguments The cosmological argument was first introduced by Aristotle and later refined in western Europe by the celebrated Christian theologian, Thomas Aquinas (d.1274 CE). In the Islamic tradition, it was adopted by Al-Kindi, and Ibn R...

Cosmological Arguments The cosmological argument w...

Philosophy is concerned with the fundamental questions about nature and reality. Al-Kindi called philosophy the most exalted science, since it dealt with issues which are universal. Al-Kindi (Alkindus, 800 &endash; 873 CE) is recognized as the first ...

Philosophy is concerned with the fundamental quest...

Greek philosophy was the major formative influence on the later philosophical traditions of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. In all three, the theories of the Greeks, particularly Plato and Aristotle, were employed to clarify and develop the basic b...

Greek philosophy was the major formative influence...

6. Use Exaggeration. Why does a baseball batter warm up by swinging two or three bats? Why do runners sometimes strap lead weights to their legs? In both cases, exaggeration during practice makes the final result seem easy. This concept can be applie...

6. Use Exaggeration. Why does a baseball batter wa...

1. Study in Short, Frequent Sessions. It has been proven that short bursts of concentration repeated frequently are much more effective than one long session. So, even if you only have 10 minutes, DO IT. Take a break. Then study another 10 minutes. T...

1. Study in Short, Frequent Sessions. It has been ...

With the modernization of society, satellites have become more popular and capitalist states have tried to take advantage of this device in accordance to their imperialistic goals in other societies. In the age of communication, colonialism has taken...

With the modernization of society, satellites have...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz On 20th of the Islamic month of Moharram in 942 AH, the Spanish Christians led by King Charles V seized the Islamic city of Tunis on the North African coast from the Ottoman Turks and perpetrated a heinous massacre of at...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz On 20th of the Islam...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz On December 27, 2008 AD, the Zionist army launched its 22-day holocaust on the besieged Gaza Strip, but despite its brutality that resulted in the death of almost 1,500 men, women, and children, and destruction of the in...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz On December 27, 2008...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz The Spanish Muslim city of Zaragoza On January 6, 1118 AD, the Spanish Muslim city of Zaragoza and the province of the same name, now called Aragon, was occupied by Alfonso the Battler, thereby ending 414 years of glorio...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz The Spanish Muslim c...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz On January 8, 1642 AD, the Italian scientist, astronomer, and physicist, Galileo Galilei, died at the age of 78. Born in the city of Pisa, he studied literature until the age of 19 and thereafter mastered physics and mat...

Compiled By: Syed Ali Shahbaz On January 8, 1642 A...

In order to understand the milieu in which Islamic medicine was born, one has to understand the salient events in the advent of Islam and a few events just preceding the Islamic era. Arabia which was a large area covered mostly by an arid desert that...

In order to understand the milieu in which Islamic...

Islamic Medicine in its true context, can thus be defined as a body of knowledge of Medicine that was inherited by the Muslims in the early phase of Islamic History (40-247 AH/661 -861 AD) from mostly Greek sources, but to which became added medical ...

Islamic Medicine in its true context, can thus be ...

Islamic Medicine continues to be practiced in many of the Islamic countries today. However western traditional modern medicine has replaced the core of the health care systems in most of these countries. The only countries where it has to some degree...

Islamic Medicine continues to be practiced in many...

One of the greatest sciences that had a great impetus on Islamic medicine was the development of pharmacy and phamacognosy. Chemistry or 'Alchemia' had been studied by most Islamic Physicians and scholars. This study was furthered by concomitant deve...

One of the greatest sciences that had a great impe...

Contarary to popular belief, basic Sciences were were highly developed in Islamic Sciences. For instance Oriental historians of Medicine have erroneously emphasised that science of anatomy, during the Islamic era was rudimentary ,and did not progress...

Contarary to popular belief, basic Sciences were w...

The most famous and notable physican of this time and perhaps of the entire early Islamic era is no doubt Muhammad ibn Zakariyya al-Razi(born 251 AH/865 AD; died 312 AH/925 AD) called Rhazes by his Latinized name. Born in Rayy in northern Persia not ...

The most famous and notable physican of this time ...

The notable physicians during this period were as follows: Bukhtishu family of Physicians. The oldest amongst these was Jibrail Bukhtishu who was the Chief Physician at the Hospital in Jundishapur. He came from a Christain family and was summoned to ...

The notable physicians during this period were as ...

The era of Islamic Medicine produced some very famous and notable physicians.These physicians were not only responsible to get all the existing information on Medicine of the time together but add to this knowledge by their own astute observations, e...

The era of Islamic Medicine produced some very fam...

The idea of a hospital as an institutional place for the caring of the sick has not been recorded in antiqiuty. There were sanatoria and 'travel lodges' that were attached to temples where the sick were attended to by attendant priests. Most of the t...

The idea of a hospital as an institutional place f...